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What is Pegasus Spyware?

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Today we are living in a digitally advanced era but no one can neglect the fact that over the years the incidents of cyber‐attacks like phishing, vishing and malware attacks including trojans, spyware, etc. are increasing exponentially and in fact, they became menace in some of the cases. You would have heard about the Pegasus spyware which has become very popular term recently. Do you know about it? If you don’t know yet then no worries because here in this article, we are going to talk about the key aspects of the Pegasus spyware. But before that, we must know what a spyware is? Spyware is a malware or a software with malicious behavior that is designed to enter your computer device in order to damage your system or steal the sensitive data and send it to the third party without your consent. What is a Pegasus spyware? It is a spyware developed by the Israeli NSO Group which can be covertly installed on mobile phone running most versions of iOS and Android and is probably the most powerful spyware developed till date. It was in the August of 2016 when the news of the Pegasus took significant coverage for the first time when an Arab activist got sophisticated after getting a shady message. This was the most sophisticated smartphone attack ever. Several days after it was discovered, Apple had updated its version of iOS, which patched the security loopholes that was used for hacking. This version of Pegasus used spear‐phishing‐ emails or messages containing a malicious links were sent to the target. In July 2021, Amnesty International (human rights group) revealed that Pegasus was still being used against the high‐profile targets like government officials, journalists. This time Pegasus was able to infect all modern iOS versions up to iOS 14.6 through zero‐click, which requires no action from the victim’s end‐ means even the most advanced user can be the victim to unprecedented cyber‐attacks. A zero‐click attack exploits a flaw or bug in the device you are using‐ be it Android or iOS, and Windows or macOS, which makes use of a data verification loopholes (about which the manufacturerdoesn’t even know yet and hence has not been able to fix) to work in your system. In 2019, WhatsApp revealed that software made by the NSO was being used to send the malware to more than 14,000 phones by exploiting a zero‐day vulnerability, triggered by a WhatsApp call. The malicious Pegasus code could be installed in the system even if the target didn’t answer the call. The missed call trick exploited a flaw in the source code frame work of the WhatsApp and this allowed the hacker to load the spyware in the data exchange caused between two devices due to the missed call. Once loaded, the spyware would automatically enable itself as a background resource, embedded deep inside your device’s software framework. Also read : cyber‐attacks Important points: It works according to the zero‐click. The target need not to give any input to make the malware work, it only takes a missed call, message, or iMessage for initiation. And after entering the device, it completes the task. Once a Pegasus spyware is installed in someone’s phone, it attacks the device so seamlessly that even is almost impossible for the user to detect whether they have been hacked, making it even more dangerous. It is self‐destructing in nature. For example‐ Suppose the spyware was installed in your device for let’s say one week’s time then after the completion of task in its scheduled time, it will be self‐destroyed. And even if it is not able to communicate to its command center, then it automatically settles. It provides complete access. It can do more than what you can do on your device. When your system is compromised, it is done in such a way that allows the attacker to obtain the root privileges on the device. It can start your device’s mic or camera anytime. Can you be the next victim? NSO has created the Pegasus Spyware to help government, law enforcement agencies prevent and investigate terrorism and crime to save the lives across the globe and not for mass surveillance. Also, this is very expensive, it carries a high price tag averaging at over $25,000 per target, so practically it is not feasible for the government agencies to use it without any justified reason. And a normal person needs a license for it and the process for buying it is also very complicated. So, you can consider yourself safe.Also, Apple itself has called such attacks “highly sophisticated, cost millions of dollars to develop, often have a short shelf life, and are used to target specific individuals”. How to Prevent Spyware? We can keep in mind the below‐mentioned points to prevent ourself from spywares Keep your software and other apps on your device updated because if there would be any vulnerability in it then it will be updated immediately. Also, outdated software is vulnerable to hackers and cyber criminals. Do not use public WIFI services as hackers can use an unsecured Wi‐Fi connection to distribute malware. Sharing any file across the network allows hackers to easily plant the infected software on your system. Do not install the applications from unknown sources as you don’t have any idea what is getting in your device. Allow it only when you know hat it will do to your device. Only open those messages or links which are sent by your trusted contacts. I am not saying that following the above points will make you completely safe from spywares – but of course it will reduce the risk to a great extent! CONCLUSION: The Pegasus spyware, developed by the NSO group has targeted globally more than 50,000 phone numbers for surveillance. How many more people will be targeted and who will be targeted we don’t know. For the time, it can be said that if you are a normal person then you are probably safe to

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Reservation in india: pros, cons and solution.

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RESERVATION IN INDIA credit: https://www.clearias.com/ WHAT IS RESERVATION? WHY RESERVATION? Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that provides historically and currently neglected groups representation in employment, politics and education by getting them into educational institutions and government jobs. It was proposed by the Indian government to upraise the Social and Economic position of the minority communities and orthodox society. This was intentionally done to achieve the promise of equality enshrined in the constitution. The Article 15 and 16 of the Indian constitution are incidents of guarantees of Equality. India is the only democratic nation which has reservation policy. Being a multireligious and multilinguistic country, we should have such a policy which brings every community on the same ground. And so, reservation in India is provided to three groups: Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) at the rate of 15%, 7.5% and 27% respectively. Reservation was only for the SCs and the STs but later in 1987, it was extended to OBCs after the implementation of the Mandal Commission report. Constitutional Provisions regarding Reservations Part XVI of the Indian Constitution establishes that certain castes and tribes shall be represented in the Lok Sabha in proportion to their population. Articles 15(4) and 16(4) state that the right to equality do not prevent the government from making special provisions in matters of admission to educational institutions or jobs in favour of backward classes, particularly the SCs and STs. Article(4A) states that nothing can prevent the state from making any provision for reservation to SCs and STs in matters of promotions, as long as the government believes that they are not adequately represented in government services. In the year 2019, the 103rd Constitution Amendment Act was passed empowering both the Centre and the states to provide 10% reservationto the EWS category of society in government jobs and educational institutions. The Supreme Court under Article 32 and the High courts under the Article 226 of the Indian Constitution can issue any of the five writs to check and enforce fundamental rights. Is Reservation good or bad? Today, we are living in the 21st century and India is the world’s largest democratic nation. It has been 70 years since the reservation policy came into force. But the reserved classes are still backward. Why? “For how many generations would reservation in education and job continue?” It has become a topic of group discussion among us. Of the total Indian population, 65.07% of the people live in rural areas. Caste discrimination is still present in rural areas(mainly), there is still a huge controversy on caste system. So, as long as the caste system is there among us, reservation is needed. In addition to all the controversies, a whole lot of people has been benefitted. You can see there has been an increase in government jobs and government institutions as a greater number of discriminated communities are also taking part. Therefore, it would be wrong to say that it has only positive aspect or only negative aspect; it has both: Advantages: ‐ The reservation policy has really helped the backward classes in learning their rights that they can enjoy the right to equality, if there is a violation of their rights, they can fight for the justice. Many are ready to fight the open competition rather than going for their reserved quotas The caste gap is lowered and it has stopped the rich becoming more richer and the poor becoming poorer. Disadvantages: ‐ It is threatening our national unity as reservation divides our country on the basis of caste, religion and gender. Rich backward candidates are being benefitted while those who really need it don’t even know about it. It is the biggest enemy of meritocracy. Only 0.7% gets scholarship through merit, rest are reserved. The real talented students belonging to the General category, who are studying hard don’t have a that much opportunity even if they are from financially weak background. Politicians are using the reservation system for their vote banks. Reservation quota in India for Government Jobs and Higher Educational Institutions What is the solution? We all should have equal access on the nation’s resources, economy and power. But unfortunately, only a handful of people have got access to these. Reservation is not the only solution, because it will take many generations for the government to reach the needy. There is only one solution which can fix everything in one generation and that is education. This should be done at the earliest possible time because any kind of reservation which lasts for long, will discriminate for sure. Government should provide a quality education to every single child whether they belong to financially weak families or to backward communities, there they will know about their rights. This will help them in uplifting themselves. Second way is‐ Government should make a new rule under which only the needful people will get reservation and this need to be reviewed after a regular time interval, whether it is necessary in certain areas or not. “Not every DNA carries wealth and intelligence, Not everyone with a Surname needs upliftment. It’s time to stop being greedy and help the needy, Else cut that lie of mentioning right to equality.” ‐ Debashis Sarmah Thanks for reading View Our Services

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ALL ABOUT FLIGHT CREW IN INDIA.

All about flight crew in india.

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FLIGHT CREW FLIGHT AND DUTY TIME LIMITATIONS AND REST REQUIREMENTS IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS Augmented Flight Crew : A flight crew that contains over the minimum variety required to work the heavier-than-air craft and during which every flight crewman will leave his or her assigned  post and get replaced by another flight crewman, UN agency shall hold qualifications which area unit adequate or superior to those command by the crewman UN agency is to get replaced for the purpose of in-flight rest. Duty : Any task that flight crew members area unit needed by the operator to perform, including, for example, flight duty, body work, training, positioning and standby once it’s possible to introduce fatigue. Duty Period : A amount that starts once a flight crewman is needed by associate operator to report for or start a requirement and ends once that person is free from all duties. Fatigue : A state of reduced mental or physical capableness resulting from sleeping loss or extended wakefulness , unit of time part, or work (mental and/or physical activity) that may impair a crew member’s alertness and skill to safety operate associate craft or perform safety connected duties. Flight Duty Period : A amount that commences once a flight crewman is needed to report for duty that has a flight or a series of flights and that finishes once the aeroplane finally involves rest and therefore the engines area unit pack up at the top of the last flight on which he/she may be a crewman. Flight Time : The entire time from the instant associate heavier-than-air craft initial moves for the aim of taking off till the instant it finally involves rest at the top of the flight. Note:- “Flight time” as here outlined is similar with the term “block to block” time or “chock to chock” time normally usage that is measured from the time associate heavier-than-air craft initial moves for the aim of coming out till it finally stops at the top of the flight. Home Base : The situation appointed  by the operator to the crewman from wherever the crew member usually starts and ends a requirement amount or a series of duty periods. Local Night :  A amount of eight hours falling between twenty two.00 and 08.00 time.Neighbouring Countries. Countries whose common place times falls at intervals of a  band of three hours (1:30 hours on either aspect of India) i.e. countries lined within the civil time zone band of UTC+4 to UTC+7. Positioning : The transferring of a non-operating crewman from place to put as apassenger at the command of the operator. Note:- “Positing” as here outlined is similar with the term ”Deadheading”. Reporting Time : The time at that flight crew members area unit needed by associate operator to report for duty. Rest Period :  associate uninterrupted and outlined amount of your time throughout that a crewman is free from all duties and flying field standby. Split Duty (Break) means that a amount freed from all duties, which counts as duty, being less than a rest period Standby : it’s an outlined amount of your time throughout that a flight crewman is needed by the operator to be accessible to receive associate assignment for a particular duty while not associate intervening rest period. but it shall not embody associatey time throughout that an operator needs a crew member to be contactable for the aim of giving notification of a requirement that is because of begin 10 hours or additional ahead. Ultra Long vary (ULR) Operations : Continuous non-stop flights between the particular town pairs having a flight time of over sixteen hours and duty periods between eighteen and twenty two hours. Unforeseen Operational Circumstance :  hit and miss event, like uniforecast weather, equipment malfunction, or air delay that’s on the far side the management of the operator. Window of unit of time Low (WOCL) is best calculable by the hours between 0200 and 0600 for individuals custom-made to a usual day-wake/night sleep schedule. This estimate of the window is calculated from scientific information on the unit of time low of performance, alertness, subject report (i.e. , peak fatigue), and Body Temperature :  For flight duty periods that cross three or fewer time zones, the window of circadian law is calculable to be 0200 to 0600 for individual home-base/domicile time for the first forty eight hours solely. when a crewman remains over forty eight hours faraway from home-base/ domicile time, the window of unit of time law is calculable to be 0200 to 0600 brought up native time at the purpose of departure. OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITY Every operator shall establish a theme for obliging with the restrictions for flight time, flight duty periods, duty periods and rest periods laid out in this automotive in respect of flight crew members. FLIGHT CREW MEMBER’S RESPONSIBILITY A flight crewman shall not operate associate heavier-than-air craft once he or she is aware of that he or she is dog-tired or feels unfit to the extent that the protection of flight is also adversely affected. Flight crew members shall build best use of facilities and opportunities that area unit provided for rest and for the consumption for meals, and shall arrange and use rest periods to confirm that they’re totally rested . Thanks For Reading View Our Services

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Tips on how to study smartly?

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How to study smartly? You must have heard or known that one should prefer studying smart over hard but How ?And how much would it benefit over the way you are currently doing the things. So here is the answer according to the book “the art of memory “ people remember the things what they question for like “how”, “When” would I need this information just like the way you start memorizing things just before exam at a high rate because of the urgency and our brain responds to urgency very well whether its an college assignment submission date or last night of exam . The next thing is repetition its fairly important because if we repeat a thing over and over it eventually get transferred from our subconscious to our permanent memory the reason is if we repeat any thing again and again, our brain takes this information to be very important just like our own “Names” and that is the way memory graph works . So in application of this in real life you can remember a thing at once then repeat it after a particular time interval like pick  the first one to be half an hour, the next one after next sleep and then after two days and finally after a week this would ensure you that have learnt fair amount of information. The next thing is whatever you learn try to teach it to the person with absolute zero amount of knowledge about that thing this would make you breaking down of the complex concepts in a simple way and at a same time it would help you to cross check whether you are having proper knowledge or not. At last take breaks during your studies and ensure you are having a fair amount sleep because sleep affects the efficiency of our mind In whole lot of ways because lack of sleep takes our person’s ability to focus and problem solving ability and sleep is that time which makes transference of information from subconscious to permanent memory. Thanks For Reading View Our Services

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SUPERSTITIONS AND THE REASONS BEHIND IT!

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SUPERSTITIONS Definition : A superstition is excessively credulous attitude that something is the case or that something about that case is true. As the word itself revels that it is blind faith in something. It generally results from the misunderstanding of the Science and belief that is based on miracles, black magic and not Science i.e., trust in supernatural powers. REASONS BEHIND SUPERSTITIONS We have a long history of superstitions, although there is no single reason for being superstitious but it mainly arises from various beliefs and myths around the world. When people don’t find any cause to explain the particular situation, they start believing in magic rather than the logic that is present right there because it gives them a sense of satisfaction, positive attitude and also the ability to predict the unknown. The most common superstition is believing in fate, luck, etc. Let us take a real example- The Malaria cases in the urban areas of India started to multiply, and the upsurge of Malaria was widespread in the late 1960s. Many lives were lost. Many were saying that the God has got angry, dark age has come and no one will be left. Such things were happening. Think what the hell they were talking that the God has got angry, and all were accepting it. So, the saints were saying do this, do that and all will be fine but if it is so then why all were dying even after doing those things? Everything that a man did not create i.e., the basic elements for example- The Sun- does it differentiate between good or bad that I would give light to him and not to him since he is and he isn’t? Look at the water itself, it doesn’t say I would go in its body and not in his. Think yourself. Only the cause should be understood, as soon as the cause came to know, the antidote came all understood that the God was not angry, it was all because of a mosquito. If someone gets Malaria today what do people say go here, go there or go the doctor? The main reason for this is- instead of learning from the past, we simply forget everything and repeat the same things again and again. A lot of life has been lost due to Covid and still the superstitious people are saying that the dark age has come, God is angry that’s why all these is happening.   Whatever is happening in your life, good or bad, who is responsible for it- you or someone else. Think of your own. You know what you are doing at all? First think about it whatever you are doing and saying, are they same or different? Whatever the saints are saying, people are doing it blindly, they do not put their mind behind it all because they say trust me, and where this word comes it simply means don’t doubt. We should try to know the cause behind. Although nothing like miracles exists on this planet, everything that a person doesn’t understand is a miracle for him, and the cause behind that miracle is known, then that’s Science. So, we should always try to know the reality. Reality is not just about the reality of things which is there but to understand what is there, what is not there is also a part of reality. SUPERSTITIONS AND THE REASONS BEHIND Sweeping in the evening will take out the prosperity of your house- It is a very big misconception in India that if one sweeps in the evening then the prosperity or goddess Lakshmi of the house is lost but the fact is that, in olden days, by sweeping in the evening, beautiful ornaments were lost as the light of the lamp was not enough to see the things properly. Women are not allowed to enter the temple or the kitchen during menstruation- It is believed that women during her menstruation cycle is unholy or assuddh. So, she is not allowed to enter the temple as well as kitchen. But the main reason being that the menstruation cycle is marked by headache, rise in body temperature, mood swings, stomach cramps, etc. so, she becomes weak and hence is not allowed to do any work just to get rid of burdens. Fallen hair inside your house will bring fight in your family- The real reason behind being if you leave the fallen hair, it may fall inside the food when the wind blows.Falling off lizard on human is a bad luck- If a lizard falls off it means something bad is going to happen but the actual reason behind this superstition is that the house lizard is poisonous so for avoiding any harm falling of lizard is not considered good. Breaking of mirror can bring seven years of bad luck for you- In ancient time, mirrors were expensive, so to save it from breaking down, Romans created rumors that the breaking down of mirror can bring seven years of bad luck. Shaving or cutting of nails after the sunset is not good- In ancient time as there was no electricity so cutting of the nails or shaving after the sunset would result in serious cuts. So, it was recommended not to cut or shave after the sunset. Don’t go near or under a peepal tree at night- It is a misbelief that if you go near or under the peepal tree at night, the ghost will follow you. But the actual reason is that during night the trees inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide, so if you will go under the peepal tree, you may feel unconscious due to the lack of oxygen. Black cat crossing your path at night brings bad fortune- In ancient time, people use to travel by bullock carts at night using lantern in forest. So, every single time if animals like cats or foxes crosses their path, the horses or cows were scared by the

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What is the IMPORTANCE of self-employment?

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IMPORTANCE OF SELF EMPLOYMENT IN 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic has been there for over a year now. During this period of time, There have been some drastic changes in the world. Speaking of a developing country like India, various issues, changes, new drawbacks have been found out. The health sector in the country has been greatly affected. The pharmaceutical sector has shown an insane surge in growth and profit. Each and every business or company has been affected and hit by this pandemic. However, the worst part of everything is that the employment in the job sector has been drastically reduced. This is majorly because companies are laying off their existing staff, or reducing their salaries, and are unable to recruit more people due to losses or lack of need. While the job sector has shown a heave decline, the lockdown has also resulted in many small businesses that can be done inside the home. Starting from baking and cooking, to online tuitions, fashion designing, handicrafts etc., the youth has been starting to grow out on every business. The social media has become a prime marketing sector in this regard. With the insufficient number of jobs in the present scenario, self-employment comes up as the solution in present scenario. A major loophole is found in the health system of the country. There has been a rising demand of doctors and medical practitioners now. But the number of people actually qualified and interested to go into this field is limited. The core sectors of jobs which include engineers, graduates from other streams, etc… have seen a supersaturation. Hence in this dire need of the hour, where there are over a lakh people competing for a single job, self-employment among the youth is the solution. It is often not advisable by parents to take a road less traveled. But in today’s saturated market, we need to look for new opportunities, new ideas, new types of professions. Digital marketing, a term that was absolutely new a few years back, is in the hot seat now. Social media influencing, Network marketing, Content creator on social media platforms, Video Editing/VFX Animations, Freelancing– all these professions are new to the Indian market. Startups and new businesses are the major parts of self-employment. All these new types of professions have a common thing. All these include the Internet or the IT Sector in some way or other. Be it SEO Management or Machine Learning or Web Development, all these have found their way into the world through the Internet. Even stock marketing and trading are done in online platforms these days. In 2014, it was considered that the IT market has been saturated. However, here in 2021, we are still finding out new prospects and professions in this sector. Hence, it is a complete myth that the market is saturated in this present scenario. “A new door always opens when the previous one closes.” – New startups, professions, jobs have to be found out and implemented. Must Read How to become an android application developer how to earn money being a student? How to be a blogger| Everything about blogging. How to remove toxic people from your life? How to develop communication skill in 2022 Fox Foster is a community of freelancers        ⇒         WhistlinDiesel Net Worth We understand the importance of self-employment, but does it have any advantage over the customary professions and jobs? Yes, it does. In most professions and jobs that have been prevalent, you need to have certain qualifications, age requirements and degrees to apply for it. It takes a long time to rise in position when you are starting. Frustration and depression hit while working in 9 to 5 jobs daily in some field which you are uninterested at. In these modern and new areas of profession and self-employment, your personal skillset and passion matter. You can start out as early as you want and earn money from a young age. A side source of income always gives you a backup plan in case your main objective fails. Starting out early has its own benefits. It makes you independent from a young age, you perceive the real world on your own. Your profits and earnings cannot be scaled because they come along with your happiness since you are following your passion. Despite an appreciable amount of risk factors in the case of businesses, the self-employment sector is going to be the new trend in the coming years. So start out early, discover your passion, who knows how big of an entrepreneur you might become in the next decade. Thanks For Reading ZEESHAN ALI BLOGGER View Our Services

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WHY DO THE MAJORITY FAIL IN JEE/NEET EXAM?

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HURDLES TO JEE/NEET PREPARATION JEE/NEET is central level competitive exam conducted by the NTA (National Testing Agency) every year. If you see, you will come to know that every one of the two students are preparing for it because it provides a good carrier option to the meritorious students. Every year a large number of Indian youth do register for JEE/NEET, this number is increasing with the time. According to the reports, almost 22 lakh candidates have registered for the JEE Main 2021 and a total of 15,97,433 candidates had registered for NEET‐UG 2020. Every year the seats are increasing, yet the ratio of failures is approximately same. Do you know the reasons for this? Here is why‐ When you were in class 10th (matriculation), you had one book each of your five subjects. But, as you enter in class 11th, the volume as well as the number of books increases. For instance‐ there are two volumes of mathematics NCERT and in addition to that, you have RD Sharma, Coaching materials and PYQs (Previous Year Questions) and same for other subjects also in Class 11th only. So, there is a sudden increase in the syllabus compared to the junior classes and the complexity has also increased. Now, coming to the reasons ‐ Most important thing, you have started preparing now in class 11th for JEE/NEET, whereas most students have started their preparation for the same from class 6th or class 9th and you are going to compete with these candidates. Coaching institutes don’t care about your results. Parents send their children to coaching institutes for their studies, but they don’t know that top faculties are provided to one or two top batches. It is not revealed but every coaching has one top batch in which there are only 10 to 20 students, who holds a good rank in the coaching and they are provided 10‐15 top faculties 24*7, so these students give top results. The rest are only to provide financial support to the coaching. Self‐study time is much lesser than the tuitions time. From 24 hours, you sleep for 8 hours, 4 hours for bathing, cleaning, eating and other stuffs. Now, you have 12 hours in you hand and in that 12 hours you go to school, coaching, private tuitions and then how much time you have in your hand for self‐study, this is making a big difference; you are studying and you also know the topics very well but you are not doing self‐study and this is a blunder. Students don’t ask doubts, either they are waiting for someone to ask from their side or simple they don’t ask because their thought is that they will be judged. There are only 5% students who ask their doubts and hence they grow and perform well. They waste time in travelling due to which they feel tired and so are not able to study well. Parents take wrong decisions, i.e., they send their children out of the state to study. There are many distractions there and if the child fails to understand any topic or subject, then he/she don’t pay much attention in studies. Not all teachers are good. The teacher who is teaching you is not good then you start hating as you don’t know the concepts of that subject and as a result, it will lead to the bad score in examination. Some students only dream but not really work. I think, I don’t need to explain it further because if only dreaming gives success in one’s life, then why are we at work? Out of the total, the real competition is only with the 6 lakhs candidates. Many have the misconception, Medical/IIT sets life. So, they are just following the trend but they have nothing to do with the studies. Parents should not put their decision on their kid. Many students are preparing just because of their parents or you can say they are doing nothing but carrying load. Students should know their strong and weak subjects. Many are failing to crack the exam because they don’t know which one to focus more and which to less. Some students focus on theory more, they don’t do questions. They take things for granted, i.e., they think I know the theory and so I can solve all the questions but when they try to solve the questions, they fail. Now, we have got to know the reasons that are pulling you off from achieving your goal. So, what could be the solutions to the above problem. SOLUTIONS TO THE ABOVE PROBLEM: ‐ Choose your teacher wisely. You need a teacher who can lift you up, anyone can make topper a topper but it’s hard to make an average student a topper. Make a routine to properly manage your time. It is very important as you will come to know which task is taking so long. Make a plan but don’t over‐plan because it will leave you with burden only and nothing else. Give enough time for studying each subject and in case you have any weak subject then give little more focus to that subject. Make tests your regular habit and also analyze what you have learnt. Keep on revising the subjects. There is no any other alternative for revision, so, keep revising till last day. Utilize your free time and stay away from distractions, if you are more than distracted then you can turn off the notifications and also you can put parental lock. Don’t submerge yourself with stress. You can de‐stress yourself by switching on to your favorite music. Follow a right strategy and work hardly but smartly because there is no substitute for hard work. Do not hesitate in asking your doubts. Avoid time wasting in travelling. Give enough time to your self‐study. Get familiar with the exam pattern. You can go for an online educational platform as it has a number of benefits. Here, you will have a number of teachers, so you can

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WHAT IS THE MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION & DGCA IN DETAILS.

Aviation / /

MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION & DGCA Located at Rajiv Gandhi Bhavan at the Safdarjung landing field in the capital of India, the Ministry of Civil Aviation is liable for formulation of national policies and programmes for the event and regulation of the Civil Aviation sector within the country. it’s liable for the administration of the craft Act, 1934, craft Rules, 1937 and numerous alternative legislations touching on the aviation sector within the country. This Ministry exercises body management over hooked up and autonomous organizations just like the board General of Civil Aviation, Bureau of Civil Aviation Security and Indira Rashtriya Udan Academy and affiliated Public Sector beneath takings like National Aviation Company of Republic of India restricted, Airports Authority of Republic of India and Pawan Hans Helicopters limited. The Commission of Railway Safety, that is liable for safety in rail travel and operation in terms of the provisions of the Railways Act,1989 additionally comes beneath the body management of this Ministry. The Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) is the regulative body within the field of Civil Aviation , primarily coping with issues of safety. it’s liable for laws, air safety, and soundness standards. The DGCA additionally co­ordinates all regulative functions with the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO.. The functions of DGCA embrace the following: Registration of civil aircraft; Formulation of standards of soundness for civil aircraft registered in Republic of India and grant of certificates of soundness/airworthiness to such aircraft; Licensing of pilots, aircraft maintenance engineers and flight engineers, and conducting examinations and checks for that purpose; Licensing of traffic controllers; Certification aerodromes and CNS/ATM facilities; Granting of Air Operator’s Certificate to {india|India|Republic of Republic of India|Bharat|Asian country|Asian nation}n carriers and laws of shipping services operative to/from/within/over India by India and foreign operators, together with clearance of regular and non­ regular flights of such operators ; Conducting investigation into accidents/incidents and taking accident preventive measures together with formulation of implementation of Safety Aviation Management programmes. Carrying out amendments to the aircraft Act, the aircraft Rules and therefore the Civil Aviation Requirements/AICs/Circulars etc. for yielding with the amendments to United Nations agency annexes, Associate in Nursing initiating proposals for amendments to the other Act or for passing a brand new Act so as to convey impact to a world Convention or amendments to an existing Convention; Coordination at national level for flexi­use of air area by civil and military traffic agencies and interaction with INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANISATION for provision of a lot of air routes for civil use through Indian air space; Keeping a check on aircraft noise and engine emissions in accordance with ICAO Annex sixteen and collaborating with the environmental authorities during this matter, if required; Promoting autochthonal style and manufacture of aircraft and aircraft parts by acting as a chemical process agent; Approving coaching programmes of operators for carriage of harmful/dangerous product, issue authorizations for carriage of dangerous product, etc. The Airport Authority of India (AAI). Was shaped on first April 1995 by merging the International Airports Authority of Republic of India and therefore the National Airports Authority with a goal to accelerate the integrated development, expansion, and modernization of the operational, terminal and consignment facilities at the airports within the country conformist to international standards. The main functions of Airports Authority of Republic of India are as under; Design, Development , Operations and Maintenance of international and domestic airports and civil enclaves. Control and Management of the Indian air area extending on the far side the territorial limits of the country, as accepted by the United Nations agency. Construction, Modification and Management of traveler terminals. Development and Management of consignment terminals at international and domestic airports. Provision of traveler facilities and knowledge systems at the traveler terminals at airports. Expansion and strengthening of operation space, viz . Runways, Aprons, taxi strips etc. Provision of visual aids. Provision of Communication and Navigation aids, viz. ILS, DVOR, DME, Radar etc. Provision of traffic Services at Airports beneath its jurisdiction. Provision of physical science info services publications of AIP, NOTAMS, AIRRACS, PIBs etc. Thanks For Reading Akash deep Blog writer View Our Services

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FOX FOSTER

Importance of fitness? reason and tips.

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FITNESS Today, a large population of the world is not fit which they could be, it is because we have not understood some simple things. These simple things can be easily dispersed, taught to the people and shared to rest of the people of the world. So, what are these simple things? Some people are under‐worked and they have ill‐health. And the reason for this is‐ now our body is not being used. Our ancestors used to work 20 times or more activity compared to us that we are doing right now. Today the body is not being used and there is only one way to keep it well, i.e., to use it. The more you use it, better it gets. When you say fitness, probably most of you talk about the physical fitness. The simplest thing about fitness is nothing but just to use the body, if you use it really well, your body has everything to make you fit. Then, does it mean only to use the body and nothing else and you will be perfect? I will say 80% of the ailments would disappear. So, what about the remaining 20%? Out of the 20%, the 10% is due to the type of food that you are having. So, if you change the food habit, another 10% ailments would also disappear. It means, now you are left with only 10% ailments. There are a variety of reason for this. One is atmospheric and another could be karmic. Out of all the unfit people if 90% of them could become fit just by using their body and having the right food, the 10% could be easily handled. But now, the volume of ailments is very big. The reason for this could be we don’t use our body properly or either we don’t eat properly or we eat very properly. To put it simple‐ if you exercise your body on a regular basis for at least 30 days, you will find your body will work wonderfully well. If you do the same with your brain and energy, both will work well in a month’s time. And when all of these three things your body, your brain and your energy are balanced well exercised, you will be definitely fit. Why should you be fit? Whatever we are going to do in life or whatever we want to achieve in life, unless or until our direction is not right, everything is waste. For example‐ Let us consider your body as a jet plane, unless its material is in right amount the jet plane will crash. If you are a jet plane, what is the right material for you? Think and try to answer. It is nothing but our heath, which is being ignored by many of us. If your body is not in right condition, doesn’t matter how big your goal is or whether you have achieved it because you are not fit and you don’t have the energy as well. So, you are not going to enjoy it. Also, if you would have noticed, sometimes we feel sad without any reason. Why is it so? It is also related to our body. So, your first priority should be to work on your body. So, now the question is‐ How to work on your body? Some of you might be thinking, by going to gym or by doing yoga, right? It is a very big myth, today most of the population quantify fitness by abs, biceps or by gyms, all these things are on the superficial level. It is also important, but at the end. What is fitness? Fitness is the state of being stable mentally as well as physically. There are four S for fitness, i.e., Safety, Sustainability, Stretching and Strength. Safety‐ Do analyze yourself, which means if you are doing a particular exercise try to know about it‐ how it works and for this exercise how much time should be given to your muscle to recover it because sometimes the alignment of your bones and that of your joint changes and so, if recovery time is not given then the problem starts and then you can’t proceed further as you are prone to the injury. Sustainability‐ It comes when you enjoy work out, if you enjoy it then the hormones present in your body will give you a feel‐good factor which will make you happy. On the other hand, if you are not enjoying it, you will not be able to sustain for long. And if you will not be able to sustain it then the changes or goal for which you had started to work on your body will not be achieved. Stretching‐ Before strength, stretching is important. Why? The reason is our daily life style, because of that majority people work by sitting only as compared to sitting or walking. But our body is designed for walking. Due to the long hour sitting, our body becomes stiff. For example‐ When you sit on the chair, the knee joint makes an angle of 90 degree but the actual range of the knee joint is 130 to 135 degree, which is not used while sitting. In older times, people used to sit in the crisscross manner and so the range of knee joint was 100 percent used. But the sitting posture of ours that we use today lacks the range from 90 to 135 degree. So, when you exercise with such less range, again you will be prone to injury. Because if your body is not flexible then the joint which is being used during the exercise, will not be used with full efficiency and if you are not going to use it definitely, injury will occur. For example‐ if the range is less in the elbow, then compensation will have to be done from the shoulder. Therefore, flexibility is important and for that stretching is necessary. There are two types of stretching‐ static and dynamic. Static stretches are

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FOX FOSTER

HOW TO APPLY FOR A PILOT COMPUTER NUMBER(PCN) AT DGCA INDIA.

Aviation, how to / /

WHAT IS COMPUTER NUMBER? For the people who don’t know what is COMPUTER NUMBER is, many aspiring pilots are not familiar with this term. COMPUTER NUMBER is basically a unique ID which is allocated to you (aspiring pilots) by the DGCA. It is a permanent ID you get in order to appear for the DGCA examinations. For getting COMMERCIAL PILOT LICENSE there are two things, first is flying and second is examination. Flying has nothing to do with the COMPUTER NUMBER but if you want to appear for all DGCA examinations you need to have a COMPUTER NUMBER. To know more about commercial pilot visit here..-https://foxfoster.com/blog/ HOW TO APPLY FOR COMPUTER NUMBER? To get COMPUTER NUMBER there are certain mandatory requirements, there are certain procedures. There are certain criteria, steps that you need to meet, there are certain documents you need to have before you apply for COMPUTER NUMBER. To get details about procedures, documents, steps visit here::- https://pariksha.dgca.gov.in/PDFViewer.jsp?pdf=470067 There are candidates who do not read the manual which is given up and just send the documents to DGCA for COMPUTER NUMBER. So, before applying for COMPUTER NUMBER must read the instructions thoroughly and then apply for COMPUTER NUMBER because DGCA go through your all documents, they will verify and they will find the slightest of mistakes in your documents and if any found they will straight way reject your application. But it has no worries, you can still apply again and again. Please go through the user manual which is issued by DGCA for understanding what are the steps and what are the prerequisites that you will require before applying. There are some documents which need to be uploaded while applying for COMPUTER NUMBER Details About the documents to be submitted for COMPUTER NUMBER to DGCA https://pariksha.dgca.gov.in/PDFViewer.jsp?pdf=470067 You will need hard of these as well as soft copies. I am also listing the documents needed one by one here:- 1. PHOTOGRAPH 2. SCANNED SIGNATURE 3. 10th CERTIFICATE 4. 10th MARKSHEET 5. 12th CERTIFICATE 6. 12th MARKSHEET  If you are from a board which CERTIFICATE and MARKSHEET in one single sheet then you are not require two different things or two different pages, but if you are from state board then you will be required MARKSHEET and CERTIFICATE each. 7. BOARD VERIFICATION CERTIFICATE FOR 10th 12th, It is a unique thing that DGCA requires, it’s that the certificate that you already have from your board after clearing your examinations, DGCA basically needs a verification again from your board that all your CERTIFICATES are true and the board has records of these. You can get this CERTIFICATE from whichever board you belong to. If you belong to AND the state board then you have to visit their regional office, request them for the VERIFICATION CERTIFICATE, and they will provide you within 10 or 12 days. For CBSE again you have to visit their regional office or you can now also verify it online. For BOARD VERIFICATION for 10th and 12th CBSE:: – https://www.cbse.gov.in/ For BOARD VERIFICATION for 10th and 12th ICSE..- Instructions_for_Verification.pdf (cisce.org) This BOARD VERIFICATION thing is the only thing which you will not have with you, you have to get either by your board’s office or online. 8. PASSPORT It is an important document but not mandatory for COMPUTER NUMBER. You can also apply for COMPUTER NUMBER without having PASSPORT. But it is advisable to have PASSPORT because PASSPORTS acts like an address proof as well as photo ID. In the document list you have to fulfill the documents till number 13. The remaining things between 13 to 19 are not required for COMPUTER NUMBER. Maximum sizes of each document are mentioned in the instruction pdf. Your documents files while uploading online should not exceed those numbers given for every particular document as given in  picture  1. picture 1 These sizes which are mentioned in picture 1 are basically soft copies. Do not exceed the limits else your document will not go through and you can be rejected. To reduce the size of your documents you can upload the pdf. file here in this link and it will reduce the size as per requirement..-https://online2pdf.com/reduce-pdf-file-size To reduce the size of your documents you can upload the jpeg. image here in this link and it will reduce the size as per requirement..-https://compressjpeg.com/ Remember do not reduce the size too much that the things are not visible, it needs to be visible and it needs to be within the specified limitations. Another easiest way to reduce your document size is to forward your documents on what’s app and what’s app will compress your files or images. After collecting BOARD VERIFICATION and all other documents you should make a folder so that you have everything ready at one place and you do not have to search for any particular documents. After this next step is applying for COMPUTER NUMBER on Pariksha website. Website to apply for COMPUTER NUMBER..-https://pariksha.dgca.gov.in/ As a first step you have to visit this pariksha portal site. On entering the pariksha portal site through the upper link you will get a homepage which will be like picture 2. picture 2 You just have to read the upper portion and then click on “click here to proceed” then your screen will look like picture 3. picture 3 In picture 3. You can see one is for AME and one is for FLIGHT CREW. You have to go for the flight crew part. Under flight crew part you have to you have to chose new candidate registration because you are a new pilot and you do not have a COMPUTER NUMBER and if you have an old COMPUTER NUMBER which is not yet registered on Pariksha then then you can go for old candidate registration. You cannot get a new COMPUTER NUMBER if you already have one. After getting through this step, you get a page of instructions which is like picture 4 which you need to read and need to

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